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Sublimation is a defense mechanism that transforms unacceptable impulses or desires into socially acceptable actions or behaviors. It allows individuals to redirect their negative emotions, such as aggression or sexual frustration, into productive and constructive activities. For example, someone with aggressive tendencies might take up a sport to channel that aggression positively, or an individual with emotional turmoil may engage in creative pursuits such as painting or writing. This mechanism is considered a healthy way to cope with inner conflicts, as it promotes personal growth and societal benefit.

In contrast, the other defense mechanisms mentioned do not serve this purpose. Rationalization involves justifying inappropriate behaviors or feelings with reasonable explanations, rather than directly addressing the impulse. Reaction formation consists of exhibiting behavior that is the opposite of one's actual feelings, often to disguise those true feelings. Lastly, regression refers to reverting to earlier developmental stages or behaviors in response to stress or anxiety. Each of these mechanisms operates differently and does not channel impulses into socially useful activities as sublimation does.