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What triggers an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in classical conditioning?

  1. A learned response to a neutral stimulus

  2. A naturally occurring, automatic response

  3. A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response

  4. A response that is conditioned over time

The correct answer is: A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response

An unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is something that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior conditioning. Option A is incorrect because a learned response to a neutral stimulus is a conditioned response, not an unconditioned stimulus. Option B is incorrect because it says "occurs" instead of "triggers" and does not mention the stimulus. Option D is incorrect because it describes a conditioned response, not an unconditioned stimulus. Option C is the correct answer because it accurately describes an unconditioned stimulus triggering a response without any prior conditioning.